By Brandon Moss AgriFocus Africa

South Africa’s agricultural sector has quietly undergone a transformation over the past three decades—doubling in both value and volume. While advancements in genetics and improved cultivars have played a pivotal role, one critical driver often overlooked is the power of exports.

Today, nearly half of South Africa’s agricultural output—valued at approximately US$14 billion in 2024—is destined for international markets. This export momentum is not just a reflection of surplus production; it’s a cornerstone of financial viability for farming enterprises across the country.

Yet, we’re far from reaching our full potential. An estimated 2.5 million hectares of underutilised, government-owned farmland, once commercially productive, remain dormant. Add to that the untapped capacity in former homeland regions, and the opportunity to scale agricultural output becomes undeniable.

Unlocking this land for deserving black farmers, backed by secure title deeds, affordable financing, and strategic partnerships with commodity associations, could usher in a new era of inclusive growth. But increased production demands expanded market access—our domestic market alone cannot absorb the surge.

That’s where exports become indispensable. They not only sustain farm incomes and rural employment but also inject economic value into communities. Importantly, South Africa’s export strategy is built on surplus production—domestic food security remains a priority. The challenge of poverty here is largely rooted in income inequality, not food availability.

This reality underscores the urgency of export diversification—a theme I’ve long

This reality underscores the urgency of export diversification—a theme I’ve long championed, including in my book A Country of Two Agriculture. Encouragingly, recent policy developments signal a shift in the right direction.

They highlighted promising progress in high-growth markets such as the UAE, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia, reinforcing both new opportunities and existing trade relationships.

For the agricultural sector, this is a call to action. We must actively support government efforts by providing market intelligence, research insights, and strategic guidance to help prioritise and navigate emerging trade corridors.

Equally important is assessing the institutional capacity within key departments—particularly those handling international relations and trade. A more agile, open stance toward Free Trade Agreements will be essential, even if it means accepting trade-offs. No country can dominate every sector; strategic choices must be made.

As global trade dynamics shift—especially under the influence of evolving U.S. policies—partner countries will also seek reciprocal access to South African markets. This requires a recalibration of our trade posture and a willingness among senior officials to embrace a more proactive, flexible approach.
In the end, export diversification isn’t a luxury—it’s a necessity. It’s the linchpin of South Africa’s agricultural resilience and long-term growth. Let’s keep pushing forward.