Kenya is facing a looming threat to its 2026 maize harvest as farmers in key growing regions report a critical shortage of subsidised fertiliser, disrupting planting during the peak season.

In the North Rift—widely regarded as the country’s breadbasket—farmers are struggling to access essential inputs, leading to delays that could significantly reduce yields. Long queues have formed at depots operated by the National Cereals and Produce Board (NCPB), with many farmers unable to secure the fertiliser quantities and types they need.

Although fertiliser supplies are not entirely unavailable, distribution challenges and delayed deliveries have left farmers receiving limited quantities too late in the planting cycle. Kipkorir Menjo described the situation as worse than in previous years, noting that the government appeared unprepared for the current season.

A key concern among farmers is the shortage of preferred fertiliser varieties, particularly products supplied by OCP Group, forcing many to rely on alternatives that may not deliver the same productivity.

In response to the growing crisis, Kenya’s National Treasury has stepped in to take direct oversight of key institutions, including the Kenya Seed Company and the Agricultural Finance Corporation (AFC). The move aims to improve financial flows and ensure fertiliser suppliers are paid on time, enabling them to release stock currently held back due to payment delays.

Government officials have attributed the disruption to bureaucratic bottlenecks in subsidy payments but have assured farmers that corrective measures are underway to stabilize supply chains.

For farmers in major maize-producing counties such as Trans Nzoia and Uasin Gishu, the delays carry significant risks. Each missed week in the planting window increases the likelihood of reduced yields due to shifting weather conditions. Farmer Ben Maswai echoed widespread frustration, stating that many had expected better preparedness this season but are now scrambling to secure inputs as time runs out.

If the situation persists, Kenya could face a notable shortfall in domestic maize production, potentially driving up food prices and increasing reliance on imports later in the year.

The crisis once again exposes structural weaknesses in the country’s agricultural subsidy programmes. While designed to support food security, inefficiencies in implementation continue to undermine their impact. As the planting window narrows, authorities face mounting pressure to ensure fertiliser reaches farmers in time to safeguard the harvest.